Enzymes


Bromelain is a proteolytic (protein digesting) enzyme derived from the pineapple plant.* It is functional throughout a wide pH range and does not lose its activity as it goes through the acidic environment of the stomach. Scientific studies indicate that Bromelain is highly bioavailable and may help to alleviate normal transient pain and discomfort associated with occasional overuse. This product has 500 mg of natural Bromelain per capsule and is suitable for vegetarians.• Protein Digesting EnzymeDietary ConsiderationsWheat FreeDairy/ Milk FreeGluten FreeVegetarianSoy FreeVeganEgg FreeShellfish FreeFish FreeTree Nut FreeServing Size: 1 Vegetable CapsuleServings Per Container: 90Amount Per ServingBromelain (2400 GDU/g) 500 mgOther Ingredients:Cellulose (capsule), Rice Flour, Magnesium Stearate (vegetable source), SilicaTake 1 capsule 1 to 2 times daily, with or between meals, or as directed by your healthcare practitioner.Do not use if you have a pineapple allergy. Bromelain may interact with anticoagulants and other blood thinning medications, as well as with certain antibiotics, including tetracycline and amoxicillin. Consult your healthcare practitioner before taking this product if you are pregnant/nursing, taking these or other medications, have a medical condition, or plan to have surgery.Not manufactured with wheat, gluten, soy, milk, egg, fish, shellfish or tree nut ingredients. Produced in a GMP facility that processes other ingredients containing these allergens.Gelatin Digesting Units – a measure of proteolytic (protein digesting) activity.Natural color variation may occur in this product.
$34.00


Digestive enzymes are essential to the body’s absorption and full use of food. The capacity of the body to make enzymes diminishes with age in some individuals, and therefore the efficiency of digestion may decline. BioCore Enhanced Enzymes offers a blend of fungal-derived enzymes that will aid in the digestion of most foods, including beans and cruciferous vegetables. The vegetarian enzymes in BioCore Enhanced Enzymes have been tested in a controlled laboratory study using a digestive model for their activity throughout the entire pH range of the digestive system and have been shown not to be degraded by acid in the stomach.• Maximum Food Utilization• Also Helps Bean and Cabbage DigestionDietary ConsiderationsWheat FreeDairy/ Milk FreeVegetarianSoy FreePreservative FreeVeganEgg FreeShellfish FreeTree Nut FreeServing Size: 2 Vegetable CapsuleServings Per Container: 45Amount Per ServingBioCore Optimum 200 mgAmylase (from Aspergillus oryzae) 7000 DUProtease (from Aspergillus oryzae) 42,000 HUTProtease (from Aspergillus oryzae) 8,000 PCProtease (from Aspergillus oryzae) 4 APProtease (from Aspergillus niger) 100 SAPUGlucoamylase (from Aspergillus niger) 10 AGUInvertase (from Saccharomyces cerevisiae) 800 SUMalt Diastase (from Hordeum vulgare) 3,000 DPLipase (from Candida rugosa, Aspergillus Niger and Rhizopus oryzae) 1000 USP/FIPAlpha-galactosidase (from Aspergillus niger) 30 mgOther Ingredients:Rice Bran, Cellulose (capsule), Rice Maltodextrin, SilicaTake 1 to 2 capsules before each meal, or as directed by your healthcare practitionerGalactosemics should consult their healthcare practitioner before use.Do Not Eat Freshness Packet. Keep in Bottle.Natural color variation may occur in this product.Not manufactured with wheat, soy, milk, egg, fish, shellfish or tree nut ingredients. Produced in a GMP facility that processes other ingredients containing these allergens.
$27.00


Serrétia is the worlds strongest Serrapeptase with a minimum activity of 250, 000 SPUs per dose. Originally discovered in the intestine of silkworms, the proteolytic enzyme Serrapeptase is harnessed by Arthur Andrew Medical through the isolation of the microorganism, Serratia E-15. Serrapeptase’s inherent ability to digest dead tissue enables the enzyme to successfully aid in supporting normal scar tissue, normal blood clotting, and allows for more fluid and natural blood flow throughout the body.* Serrétia has a variety of different benefits that may help with the following: Sport injuries* Promote healthy sinus activity* Promote free joint mobility* Muscle tears and pulls* Surgical recovery* Normal fluid retention such as swelling*  Servings Per Container: 45 Take 2 capsules 1 to 3 times daily between meals or as recommended by your physician. Serrétia can be safely taken with other dietary supplements  Serving Size: 2 Capsules  Amount Per Serving Serrapeptase ... 250, 000 SPU  Other ingredients: Cellulose (Acid Armor capsules) Serrapeptase may thin the blood; consult your physician if you are currently taking anticoagulants. Keep out of reach of children. Store in a cool, dry place with lid tightly closed *These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. ÂÂ
$79.99


Serrétia is the worlds strongest Serrapeptase with a minimum activity of 250, 000 SPUs per dose. Originally discovered in the intestine of silkworms, the proteolytic enzyme Serrapeptase is harnessed by Arthur Andrew Medical through the isolation of the microorganism, Serratia E-15. Serrapeptase’s inherent ability to digest dead tissue enables the enzyme to successfully aid in supporting normal scar tissue, normal blood clotting, and allows for more fluid and natural blood flow throughout the body.* Serrétia has a variety of different benefits that may help with the following: Sport injuries* Promote healthy sinus activity* Promote free joint mobility* Muscle tears and pulls* Surgical recovery* Normal fluid retention such as swelling*  Servings Per Container: 30 Take 2 capsules 1 to 3 times daily between meals or as recommended by your physician. Serrétia can be safely taken with other dietary supplements  Serving Size: 2 Capsules  Amount Per Serving Serrapeptase ... 250, 000 SPU  Other ingredients: Cellulose (Acid Armor capsules) Serrapeptase may thin the blood; consult your physician if you are currently taking anticoagulants. Keep out of reach of children. Store in a cool, dry place with lid tightly closed *These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. ÂÂ
$61.99


Arthur Andrew Medical introduces a revolutionary blend of systemic enzymes including serrapeptase, nattokinase, protease, lipase, bromelain, papain, rutin and amla, as well as cofactors like coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and magnesium. Neprinol has been specially formulated to support healthy circulatory and immune function.* Systemic enzymes are similar to digestive enzymes, but primarily target the bloodstream rather than the gastrointestinal tract. These enzymes support healthy levels of Endogenous Blood Particles or EBPs.* EBPs can be pro-inflammatory proteins that normally accumulate in the blood.* Systemic enzymes essentially purify the blood of these EBPs, supporting healthy cardiovascular and liver function, as well as maintaining a healthy inflammatory response.* Neprinolsvegetarian enzyme blend tested to be more than 500% stronger in fibrinolytic activity than the leading animal based enzyme formulation, based on 3rd party fibrinolytic assay testing.†* Efficacy is of the utmost importance to doctor and patient alike, and Neprinol addressed this concern with a proven potency that can be utilized by healthcare professionals. Neprinol can be recommended for both clinical use and therapeutic applications.  Servings Per Container: 90  Directions: Take Neprinol with 8oz of water on an empty stomach. Larger amounts may be divided into 2 or 3 servings per day.  Maintenance: 2-3 capsules per day.  Increased Support: 6 capsules per day.  Therapeutic: 9 capsules per day.  Serving Size: 1 Capsule  Amount Per Serving Magnesium ... 8mg (Citrate) Proprietary Blend Neprinol AFD ... 500mg Systemic and Lipolytic Enzyme Blend: 15, 000FU Serrapeptase, Nattokinase, Lipase Neprinol Protease Blend: Protease (drived from Serratia, B. subtilis and A. oryzae) Neprinol Enzyme and Cofactor Blend: Amla, Papain, Bromelain, Rutin, Coenzyme Q10  Other Ingredients: Cellulose (Acid Armor capsules) Neprinol is free of dairy, gluten, and soy allergens. Contains no artificial colors or preservatives.  Warning: Do not take Neprinol without the consent of your physician if you are taking anti-coagulants or if you are pregnant or nursing. For best results, take the product at least one hour prior to eating and/or two hours after a meal. Neprinol can be used safely with other dietary supplements. *These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. For all conditions or illnesses, see a healthcare professional for a full evaluation, diagnosis or treatment plan. ÂÂ
$79.99


This product is designed to be used as an enzymatic aid for the digestive system. It assists the pancreas in providing carbohydrate, fat, and protein-digesting enzymes.  Dietary Considerations Wheat Free Soy Free Yeast Free Sugar Free Salt Free Corn Free  Suggested Use Take one capsule with each meal, or more, as directed by a health care professional.  Serving Size: 1 Capsule  Servings Per Container: 90  Amount Per Serving Pancreatin (from porcine) 175 mg Amylase 40000 USP/FIP Lipase 7500 USP/FIP Protease 40000 USP/FIP  Other Ingredients: rice flour, gelatin (capsule), vegetable lubricant  Warnings Pregnant and/or lactating women should consult their physician prior to use.The porcine glandular material in this product is prepared by a special process which does not exceed physiological temperature (37°C). Guaranteed to be free of chemical pesticides and synthetic hormones. This product is made without sugar, salt, wheat, corn, yeast or soy derivatives.Tamper evident band around cap and seal on bottle. Do not use if either seal is broken or missing. Keep out of reach of children.
$57.00


Lipo-Complex is an enzymatic digestive aid formulated primarily to support digestion of fats; however, the pepsin and pancreatic enzyme components also support digestion of proteins and carbohydrates. Raw liver is added to support liver function. Dietary considerations Contains milk Suggested use As a digestive aid for adults, one capsule with each meal, as needed, or more, as directed by a health care professional. Serving Size: 1 capsule Servings per container: 100 Amount Per Serving Pancreatic Enzyme Concentrate ... 160 mg Pepsin ... 30 mg Green Beet Leaf Powder ... 100 mg Defatted Freeze Dried Liver ... 10 mg Bile Salts ... 10 mg Other Ingredients Rice flour, gelatin, vegetable lubricant. Warnings Pregnant and/or lactating women should consult their physician prior to use.TAMPER EVIDENT BAND AROUND CAP AND SEAL ON BOTTLE. DO NOT USE IF EITHER SEAL IS BROKEN OR MISSING. KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN.
$68.00


Because enzymes are needed for numerous body functions, it is important that they not be overloaded. For example, if the body must produce large amounts of enzymes for digestive function, production of enzymes for metabolic function may be lacking.When taken with meals, Bromezyme supports digestion. When taken between meals, it supports healthy inflammation levels. Suggested use Two (2) capsules daily, or more, as directed by a doctor. Sold only for dispensing by a licensed health care professional. Serving Size: 2 Capsules Servings per container: 30 Amount Per Serving Bromelain ...500 mg. (2, 000 GDU/gram) Vegetable Enzyme Concentrate ...300mg. Papain ...100 mg. (1, 000, 000 TU/gram) Lipase ...30 mg. (15, 000 FIP/gram) Papaya Leaf ...50 mg/gram In a beet root fiber base. Daily Value not established. Other ingredients Gelatin, rice flour, vegetable magnesium stearate. Contains soy-bean and wheat used in processing. Warnings TAMPER EVIDENT BAND AROUND CAP AND SEAL ON BOTTLE.DO NOT USE IF EITHER SEAL IS BROKEN OR MISSING.KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN.
$31.00


Dietary SupplementGluten & Casein Digestive EnzymesHelps digest hidden wheat and dairyVegetarianDietary ConsiderationsVegetarianServing Size: 2 UltraCapServings Per Container: 60Amount Per ServingTotal Carbohydrate,less than 1g Pure Plant Enzymes 494mgPure Plant Enzymes 494 mg DPP IV protease blendamylaselipasephytaselactasecellulasesucraseAssay MethodDPP IV Protease Blend (Protease I, II, III, IV, V)FCC (pH 4.7) 120,000 HUTFCC (pH 7.0) 22,660 PCUSP (pH 7.5) 12,556 USPAmylaseFCC (pH 4.8) 9530 DUUSP (pH 6.8) 12,800 USPLipase I, IIFCC (pH 6.5) 408 LU FIP (pH 7.0) 882 FIP Phytase Phytic Acid (pH 6.0) 0.67 PU Lactase I, II FCC III (pH 4.5) 642 ALU Cellulase I, II FCC (pH 4.5) 141 CU SucraseFCC (pH 4.6) 119 INVU Other ingredients:cellulose, vegetable capsule (modified cellulose), inulin (from chicory root), silicon dioxideRecommendations: Two UltraCaps with each meal or as directed by your healthcare practitioner.Caution: While Gluten Defense will reduce the level of reactive gliadin and gluten proteins in a meal, it is advised that celiac disease sufferers continue with their normal gluten exclusion diet as even small amounts of gliadin can cause adverse reactions in the most sensitized individuals. If pregnant, nursing, or taking prescription drugs, consult your healthcare practitioner prior to use.This product contains natural ingredients; color variations are normal.
$33.99


Digenzyme is a comprehensive and completely vegetarian digestive enzyme supplement to support digestive tract function and nutrient absorption. As a broad-spectrum multiple enzyme formula, it provides digestive activity for a full range of proteins found in the intestinal tract. Digenzyme is formulated to assist in the breaking down of plant and animal proteins, as well as peptides derived from casein and gluten.It is recommended for vegetarians, those on gluten and casein free diets, people with deficient digestive enzymes, and geriatric individuals. Digenzyme also includes the unique enzyme Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV, which digests protein peptides from dairy products and cereal grains (exophins, casomorphin, gluteomorphin and gliadomorphin) that are generally resistant to complete digestion.Dietary ConsiderationsGluten FreeVegetarianSoy FreeServing Size: 1 Vegetable CapsuleServings Per Container: 90Amount Per ServingEnzyme Blend containing: 303 mgAmylase (150,000 SKB/g) 78.33 mgBromelain (2,400 GDU/g) 75 mgPeptidase (5,000 DDPIV/g) (250,000 HUT/g) 60 mgLipase (200,000 FIP/g) 41.25 mgProtease (800,000 HUT/g) 36.25 mgLactase (100,000 ALU/g) 8.75 mgPapain (50,000 FCCPU/mg) 3 mgHemicellulase (500,000 HCU/g) 0.23 mgOther Ingredients: microcrystalline cellulose, vegetable cellulose (capsule), vegetarian leucine, silica, magnesium stearateSuggested Use: As a dietary supplement, take 1 capsule with a meal, 3 times daily or as directed by your health care practitioner.Warning: If pregnant or nursing, consult your health care practitioner before taking this productKeep out of reach of children.Store in a cool, dry place.Color of this product may vary due to color variations of the natural ingredients.
$64.98


Helps support the digestion of dairy.Amount Per Serving Lactase enzyme 3450 FCC units...690 mg in a maltodextrin baseSuggested Use: 1-3 caps before ingesting milk/dairy products
$23.49


PanZyme contains pancreatic enzymes, pepsin, vitamin B6, and three forms of HCl, and is intended to provide nutritive support for healthy digestion.*Serving Size:Â 1 Capsule Amount Per ServingVitamin B6 (from pyridoxal-5-phosphate monohydrate) 2 mg Betaine HCl 200 mg Glutamic Acid HCl 50 mg L-Lysine HCl 50 mg Pepsin (1:3000) 35 mg Pancreatin 4X 25 mg Amylase (100 USP units/mg) Lipase (8 USP units/mg) Protease (100 USP units/mg) Other ingredients: Cellulose, gelatin capsule, maltodextrin, ascorbyl palmitate, silica Use only as directed. Take 1 capsule three times daily with meals or as directed by your healthcare practitioner. Keep tightly capped and store in a cool, dry place. Warning: Do not use if safety seal is broken or missing. Keep out of reach of children. Keep your licensed healthcare practitioner informed when using this product, especially pregnant or nursing.
$34.69


Dietary Supplement Serratiopeptidase 120K Serratiopeptidase has been studied for its ability to support the cardiovascular system along with many additional health benefits.  Serving Size:1 Capsule  Servings Per Container:60   Amount Per Serving Proprietary Enzyme Blend 273 mg  Protease blend (acid and neutral protease) (80,000 HUT/10SAPU/1,000 PC)   Serratiopeptidase (120,000 U)   Trace Mineral Powder 50 mg   Other ingredients: Delayed release vegetable capsule (hypromellose, water, and gellum gum)     Recommended Usage: Take 1 capsules daily on an empty stomach. (1/2 hour before or 2 hours after a meal) Thera-Blend is our exclusive process for formulating enzyme blends. These blends are formulated using multiple enzyme forms selected for their ability to break down numerous bonds in varying pH levels. Keep out of reach of children. Store tightly closed in a cool, dry place. Do not expose to excessive heat. ÂÂ
$35.00


Previously called LPS 60 vcaps Dietary SupplementFat/High Lipase Digestion aids in the proper digestion of fats, carbs, proteins and dairy, while promoting cholesterol metabolism Thera-blend is our exclusive process for formulating enzyme blends. These blends are formulated using multiple enzyme forms selected for their ability to break down numerous bonds in varying pH levels. Dietary ConsiderationsVegetarian Serving Size: 1 Capsule Servings Per Container: 60 Amount Per ServingProprietary Enzyme Blend 302 mg Protease blend (acid and neutral protease) (25,000 HUT/10 SAPU/500 PC) Lipase (11,436 FIP) Amylase (6,500 DU/30 BAU) Lactase (500 ALU) Other Ingredients: Vegetable capsule (hypromellose and water), water Recommended Usage: Take 1 capsule before each meal or snack Store tightly closed in a cool, dry place. Do not expose to excessive heat. Please keep out of reach of children.
$50.10


When we eat a meal, the requirements for digestive enzymes become a high priority. It’s well known that our digestive enzyme production decreases with age, but many large meals can cause our body’s enzyme making machinery to work overtime and often is still unable to produce and meet the demand for complete digestion. Digest-ALL helps this process by offering a full-spectrum of vegetarian-based enzymes in a single, gentle formula that delivers a potent combination of proteases (protein digesting), carbohydrates (carbohydrate digesting), and lipase (fat digesting).* Digestion always takes precedence over nearly everything else so many body functions requiring metabolic enzymes are often short changed during these times. This deficiency can lead to mal-absorption, poor nutrition and many digestive problems such as bloating, gas pains and a compromised gut ecosystem. Digest-ALL contains enzymes that are plant based, which means they are active in a wider pH range than human enzymes, resulting in a highly effective enzyme supplement. This supports digestion and reduces our need to produce digestive enzymes, allowing our body to manufacture the metabolic enzymes needed to operate efficiently.* Finally, the unique proprietary blend of ginger, peppermint and triphala in Digest-ALL sets a soothing, comfortable and balanced stage for the total digestive process, and is vegetarian-friendly.* • Full spectrum of enzymes and herbs to support overall digestion* • Supplementation may alleviate accessional gas and bloating* • Supports nutrient absorption*  Serving Size:2 Vegetable Capsule  Servings Per Container:50  Amount Per Serving Proprietary Blend700 mg Ginger root extract (4% gingerols), Peppermint (leaf extract) Triphala (45% tannins - Anala, Behada, Harada) Amylase15000 DU Amylase II 110 AGU Lactase 1000 Lac U Maltase 100 DP Invertase 25 INVU Hemilase 150 HSU Cellulase 150 CU Protease I 50,000 HUT Protease II 7500 PC Protease III 100 SAP Lipase 1000 FCCLU  Other Ingredients: Microcrystalline cellulose, magnesium stearate  Suggested Usage: Take 1-2 capsules before each meal or as directed by your qualified health care provider. Capsule made from plant cellulose. Contains no common allergens.
$27.45


PancreMax provides a strong 10X concentration of pancreatic amylase, protease and lipase enzymes from freeze-dried porcine source, for reliable support of the intestinal phase of digestion. Adequate protease activity ensures thorough breakdown of food proteins for optimal amino acid absorption and for avoiding inappropriate absorption of food antigens. High lipase activity supports absorption of essential fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins, and helps prevent complaints associated with eating high-fat meals. Suggested Use Adults: 1-2 capsules per meal, or as directed by your healthcare practitioner. Serving Size: 1 Capsule Servings per container: 60 Amount Per Serving Pure pancreatin (10x conc.) … 500mg Lipase (30x conc.) … 31mg Yielding the following enzyme activity: Amylase 125,000 USP Units Protease 125,000 USP Units Lipase 10,930 USP Units From Pan Dried US/EU porcine source Other Ingredients Gelatin capsule. Warnings This product contains no yeast, wheat, soy, corn, milk, salt, sugar, artificial coloring ,preservatives or flavoring. This product is intended for professional use and is manufactured under strict quality control to ensure the optimum in purity, potency and reliability. Keep in a cool, dry place, tightly capped.
$43.80


Vegenzyme Plus is a fully vegetarian source of digestive enzymes combined with power of Piper longum and our AMLAOXY extract. VegenzymePlus promotes healthy digestion by providing critical digestive support • Enhances metabolism of fats, carbohydrates and proteins• Promotes digestive health• One of the best non-animal sourced enzyme products available Dietary Considerations Wheat Free Dairy/ Milk Free Soy Free Egg Free Suggested Use 1 capsule daily. Consult your healthcare provider before using this or any other supplement. Serving Size: 1 Vegetable Capsule Servings Per Container: 90 Amount Per Serving Proprietary Blend 300 mg Amylases Protease (I, II, III) Lipase Lactase HemiSEB Cellulase Diastase Glucoamylase Invertase Bromelain Papain Peptizyme SP Alpha Galactosidase Proprietary Extract Blend 100 mg AmlaOxy (Emblica officinalis) fruit Long Pepper (Piper longum) fruit Other Ingredients Vegetarian capsule (hypromellose, water), maltodextrin, magnesium stearate (vegetarian source), and silicon dioxide Warnings Milk, Soy, Egg and Wheat Free.If pregnant, consult your physician before using this or any other product.Keep Away From Reach Of Children Do not use if seal is broken.
$41.00
Enzymes Products
Enzymes are biologically active proteins found in living cells. They catalyze and regulate the biochemical reactions occurring inside the human body. Enzymes are protein chemicals required for every chemical process. They are necessary for digesting food, stimulating the brain, generating cellular energy, and repairing tissue. The body's ability to produce enzymes decreases with aging, which is when enzyme supplements can prove helpful in the metabolic reactions inside the human body.
Digestive enzymes break down food so the body can convert it into energy. Many different types of enzymes exist, including plant-based digestive enzymes, animal-sourced enzymes, and fruit-sourced enzymes. Each type helps the body break down foods for energy consumption and nutrition. Enzyme deficiency is common because today's diets consist of carbonated beverages, fried foods, coffee, sweets and processed foods. These foods deplete the body of valuable enzymes. Enzymes are necessary to absorb the nutrients the body needs to function correctly. Vita Living provides a variety of enzyme supplements to regulate metabolic processes inside the body & promote healthy living.
Enzymes combine with coenzymes and perform about 100,000 chemicals reactions. It is the result of the chemical reaction that we can see, feel, move, digest food, and do other things. Symptoms of enzyme deficiency can manifest as weight gain, heartburn, fatigue, headaches, bloating, allergies, gas, constipation and other digestive disorders. Choose digestive enzymes made using pure, high quality ingredients to promote health and well-being.
A quality enzyme supplement will include a broad spectrum of enzymes. Some of the most common forms of enzymes include protease, carbohydrase, bromelain, papain, and peptidase. Protease helps digest proteins, rid the intestines of bacteria, yeast and parasites. Carbohydrase helps digest carbohydrates and sugars while relieving gas, bloating and upset stomach. Bromelain assists in digestion and reduces inflammation. Papain aids in the digestion of proteins and supports joint health. Hemicellulose helps break down indigestible fiber, supports the intestines, and breaks down Candida. Each type of digestive enzyme helps digest proteins, starches, carbohydrates and fats. Including high-quality enzyme supplements in the diet can increase digestion and overcome metabolic challenges commonly caused by enzyme deficiencies.
Blog posts
-
in Wellness The Healing Power of Aloe Vera
Aloe vera has powerful and versatile health benefits at both internal as well as external level. Its internal applications range from being helpful in cases of...
-
in Wellness Is Adrenal Fatigue Real?
Do you feel tired and fell you have less energy. You may be suffering from adrenal fatigue. Learn about some options for dealing with adrenal...
-
in Wellness Nutrients to strengthen and Promote Heart Health
According to the American Heart Association, heart disease is the number one cause of death in America. In fact, in 2013, one in three deaths...
-
in Wellness 7 Natural Remedies For Arthritis
Osteoarthritis occurs when cartilage in the joints wears down, causing bones to rub against bones.

































